CITING SOURCES

Articles from Journals 

APA

Brown,  E. (1996). The lake of seduction: Silence, hysteria, and the space of

feminist theatre. JTD: Journal of Theatre and Drama, 2, 175-200.
 

Important Elements:

  • Author(s)
  • Article title
  • Journal or magazine title
  • Volume and issue number of the journal or magazine
  • Date of publication
  • Page numbers of the article

Note: Consult individual manuals for exact spacing.
 

Chicago/ Turabian

Brown, Erella. "The Lake of Seduction: Silence, Hysteria, and the Space of

Feminist Theatre." JTD: Journal of Theatre and Drama 2 (1996): 175-200.
Documentation One  (footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography)

 

Brown, Erella. 1996. The lake of seduction: Silence, hysteria, and the space of

feminist theatre. JTD: Journal of Theatre and Drama 2: 175-200.
Documentation Two (author/date parenthetical citations with a reference list)
 

MLA

Brown, Erella. "The Lake of Seduction: Silence, Hysteria, and the Space of

Feminist Theatre." JTD: Journal of Theatre and Drama  2  (1996): 175-200.
 

 

Articles from Books 

APA

Cassel, J. &  Zambella, B. (1996). Without a net: Supporting ourselves in a

tremulous atmosphere. In T. W. Leonhardt (Ed.), "LOEX" of the West:  Teaching and learning in a climate of constant change (pp. 75-92). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press Inc.
 

Important Elements:

·         Author(s) of the article

·         Title of the article

·         Title of the book

·         Author or editor of the book

·         Page numbers for the article

·         Place of  publication

·         Name of publisher

·         Date of book publication

Note: Consult individual manuals for exact spacing.

Chicago/ Turabian

Cassel, Jeris and BethAnn Zambella. "Without a Net: Supporting Ourselves in a

Tremulous Atmosphere." In "LOEX" of the West: Teaching and Learning in a Climate of Constant Change, edited by Thomas W. Leonhardt, 75-92. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press Inc., 1996.  Documentation One (footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography

 

Cassel, Jeris and BethAnn Zambella. 1996. Without a net: supporting ourselves in a

tremulous atmosphere. In "LOEX" of the West: Teaching and learning in a climate of constant change, edited by Thomas W. Leonhardt, 75-92. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press Inc. Documentation Two (author/date parenthetical citations with a reference list)
 

MLA

Cassel, Jeris, and BethAnn Zambella. "Without a Net: Supporting Ourselves in a

Tremulous Atmosphere." "LOEX" of the West: Teaching and Learning in a Climate of Constant Change. Ed. Thomas W. Leonhardt. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1996. 75-92.
 


 

Journal & Newspaper Articles from Databases 

APA

Hartman, W.K. (1998). Red planet rendezvous. Astronomy, 26 (3), 50-53.

 Retrieved April 5, 2000, from Academic Search Premier database.
 

Important Elements:

  • Author
  • Title of article
  • Title of magazine or journal
  • Volume and issue number
  • Date of publication
  • Pagination (if given)
  • Database name
  • Date of access

Note: Consult individual manuals for exact spacing.
 

Chicago/ Turabian

Hartman, William K. "Red Planet Rendezvous." Astronomy 26, no. 3 (1998): 50-53.

http://web.ebscohost.com/ (accessed October 7, 2003).  Documentation One (footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography)

 

Hartman, William K. 1998. Red planet rendezvous. Astronomy 26, no.3 (March): 
        50-53. http://web.ebscohost.com/ (accessed October 7, 2003).  
        Documentation Two (author/date parenthetical citations with a reference list)
 

MLA

Hartman, William K. "Red Planet Rendezvous." Astronomy 26.3 (1998): 50-53.

Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. D. Leonard Corgan Library, Wilkes-Barre, PA. <5 Apr. 2000 http://web.ebscohost .com/>.
 


 

Books  

APA

Fleming, T. (1997). Liberty!: The American Revolution. New York: Viking.

 

Important Elements:

  • Author or editor
  • Title of the book
  • Place of publication
  • Name of publisher
  • Date of publication

Note: Consult individual manuals for exact spacing.

Chicago/ Turabian

Fleming, Thomas. Liberty!: The American Revolution. New York: Viking, 1997.

  Documentation One (footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography)

 

Fleming, Thomas. 1997. Liberty!: The American Revolution. New York: Viking.

   Documentation Two (author/date parenthetical citations with a reference list)
 

MLA

Fleming, Thomas.  Liberty!: The American Revolution. New York: Viking, 1997.

 


 

Newspapers  

APA

Holden, S. (1998, May 16). Frank Sinatra dies at 82:  Matchless stylist of pop.

The New York Times, pp. A1, A22-A23.
 

Important Elements:

  • Author of article (if given)
  • Title of article
  • Name of newspaper
  • Date of publication
  • Section, page and column location of article

Note: Consult individual manuals for exact spacing.

Chicago/ Turabian

Note: In most cases, cite newspaper articles only in notes or parenthetical references. They are rarely included in bibliographies or reference lists. See The Chicago Manual of Style for more information

No style is listed for Documentation One (footnotes or endnotes with a bibliography)

For Documentation Two (author/date parenthetical citations with a reference list) the format shown below may be used if the author chooses to include the citation in the reference list.

Holden, Stephen. "Frank Sinatra Dies at 82: Matchless Stylist of Pop." New York
       Times
, May 16, 1998, national edition, sec. 1.        

 

MLA

Holden, Stephen. "Frank Sinatra Dies at 82; Matchless Stylist of Pop." New York    

Times  16 May 1998, natl. ed.: A1+.
 


 

 

World Wide Web or Internet Sites 

The following examples are based on the principles provided in the manuals for each style.  Because electronic citation styles are  still evolving, established formats for print sources might need to be adapted. Be consistent if you need to make adaptations, and be sure to include the required elements.
 

APA

Chou, L., McClintock, R., Moretti, F., & Nix, D. H. (1993). Technology and
          education: New wine in new bottles: Choosing pasts and imagining educational
          futures.
Retrieved August 24, 2000, from Columbia University, Institute for
          Learning Technologies website: http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/publications/papers/
           newwine1.html

 

 Important Elements:

  • Author of site

  • Copyright date
    (if given)
  • Site title

  • Address of the site (URL)
  • Date of access
     

Note: Consult individual manuals for exact spacing.

Chicago/ Turabian

Chou, Luyen, Robbie McClintock, Frank Moretti, and Don H. Nix. "Technology and

       education: New wine in new bottles: Choosing pasts and imagining educational
       futures." 1993. Columbia University. http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/publications/

       papers/newwine1.html. Documentation One (footnotes or endnotes with a
       bibliography)

 

Chou, Luyen, Robbie McClintock, Frank Moretti, and Don H. Nix. 1993. "Technology

       and education: New wine in new bottles: Choosing pasts and imagining
       educational futures."  Columbia University. http://www.ilt.columbia.edu/

       publications/papers/newwine1.html. Documentation Two (author/date
       parenthetical references with a reference list)    

 

MLA

Chou, Luyen, Robbie McClintock, Frank Moretti, and Don H. Nix. "Technology and

            Education: New Wine in New Bottles: Choosing Pasts and Imagining
            Educational Futures." 1993. Columbia University Institute for Learning
            Technologies website. Columbia U. 8 June 2007. http://www.ilt.columbia

.edu/publications/papers/newwine1.html.